今天我们来聊聊英语虚拟语气,以下6个关于英语虚拟语气的观点希望能帮助到您找到想要的大学知识。
本文目录
虚拟语气英语
虚拟语气英语，回答如下：
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、建议、猜测、可能或纯粹的空想等，通常由 if 引导的状语从句与主句构成。
五种基本句型：
1、纯条件虚拟语气
(1) 句型if + 主语 + 一般现在时动词，主语 + will/may/can/shall/must/ought to/should + 原型动词。例如：If you make a mistake, you should admit it. 假如你犯了错，应该承认。
(2) 表纯条件结构的副词连词不只 if 一种，once(一旦 = as soon as)、when(当)、unless(除非)等连词也可构成条件句，用法与 if 相同，即条件句使用一般现在时，主句使用一般将来时。例如：Once/If you make a mistake, I will punish you. 如果你犯错了，我会处罚你。
2、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
If + 主语 + 一般过去时动词，主语 + would/could/might/ought to/should + 原型动词注意，if 句子中若有 be 动词，一律为 were，而非 was。例如：If I were rich, I would buy my parents a villa. 如果我有钱会买别墅给我父母（我现在没钱）。
3、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
If + 主语 + had + 过去分词， 主语 + would/could/might/ought to/should + have + 过去分词。例如：If he had been here yesterday, I would have seen him.如果昨天他在这儿，我就能看到他(他昨天不在这儿)。
4、与将来状况相反的虚拟语气
使用本虚拟语气时， if 从句一定要加助动词 should, 译成“万一”If + 主语 + should + 原形动词， 主语 + would/could/might/ought to/should + 原型动词。例如：The sky is blue. If it should rain, the picnic would be cancelled. 天空一片湛蓝，万一下雨，野餐将取消。
5、与真理相反的虚拟语气
If + 主语 + were to + 原形动词， 主语 + would/could/might/ought to/should + 原型动词。例如：If the sun were to rise in the west, the sunflower would be scared to death. 太阳从西方升起，向日葵会吓死。
英语虚拟语气
虚拟语气讲解一．非真实条件句的虚拟情况: 句型条件从句 主句对现在的虚拟were/didshould/would/could/might+v.对过去的虚拟had doneshould/would/could/might+have+done 对将来的虚拟1.were/did2.were to3.should+v. Should/would/could/might+v.1.与现在事实相反的条件e.g. If I were you, I would go at once. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.2.与过去事实相反e.g. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. If she had told him about the danger, he would not have hurt.3.与将来事实相反e.g. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. If we were to panic(受惊,惊慌), we should not be able to help.4.混合时间条件句：主从句不一定用指同一时间的动词。即:假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做混合虚拟语气（错综条件虚拟语气）。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。e.g. If you ____that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy.A.haven’t watched B.didn’t watchC. hadn’t watched D.wouldn’t watchedIf Paul had received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital. e.g If I had gone to a key university, I would earn more money now.5．含蓄条件句：有时假设的条件不通过条件从句表示而含蓄在介词短语或上下文中。 (1) without 和but for (要不是) 构成虚拟。 e.g Without ( but for ) the party, we wouldn’t be so happy. We might have died without your help. = We might have died if you hadn’t helped us. (2) otherwise , or ( 否则， 要不然) =if…not… e.g. He studies very hard, or/otherwise he couldn’t study so well. I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you. =If I had not been so busy last week, I would have come to see you. ( 3 ) if only后加句子… “要是……就好了” 注意：“if only”e.g. If only I could learn English in one day. If only it wasn’t raining. If only Jim had passed the exam. If only Sam would reply to my letter. 6．假设虚拟条件倒装。 条件从句中有 shouid,were,had 三个助动词，可以把 if 省略，并将这三个词提到句首 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up.If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. Were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties二．虚拟语气用于宾语从句中。现在：过去时（were/did）过去：过去完成时(dad done)未来：would/could/might+V. should(不常用) 1. wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气wish +(that)+主语 + e.g. I wish I could buy a spaceship some day. I wish that he wasn’t so lazy. The exhibition was so bored that I wish I had not gone to it.2. would rather(that)+从句，表示“愿望”的虚拟would rather (that) + 主语 + e.g. I would rather you had gone there.(与过去相反) 你要是去那里就好了。 I would rather you stayed at home now.(与现在) I would rather you could go to America tomorrow.3.用于表示意愿,建议，命令，请求，提议等动词后的that宾语从句中，用(should)+动词原形,这类动词有:ask, advise, arrange(安排), beg, command, decide, demand, desire, determine, insist (坚持要求,硬要), intend, propose, object(反对), order, require, request, suggest(建议)… 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose 4. demand , require, request, desiree.g. She advised that we should keep the door locked. He suggests that she should leave the dangerous house at once. His face suggested that he was angry.(暗示) He insisted that he was innocent.(坚称,坚持说) He insisted that she (should) show him her passport.三． 用于主语从句中。 （1）It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that---Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形Eg.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.It’s necessary that we should study hard. （2）It’s+ a pity / a shame +that—clause从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形 e.g It’s a pity that I should miss the film. (3) It’s + p.p + that—clause从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形， 其中的p.p 为建议，要求，命令的动词。如：insisted ,ordered , requested ,required ,demanded etc. e.g It was ordered that the old sick man (should) be sent to the hospital at once.四．用于表语从句。主语为表示建议。要求，命令等的名词 如： insistence, order ,advice ,suggestion ,proposal ,reqirement 等e.g My suggestion is that English test( should) be read aloud by students every morning.五．用于同位语从句 e.g His suggestion that students should wear school uniform has been agreed. 六．用在as if(as though)引导的方式状语(表语)从句中,动词形式和wish宾语从句的形式相同。 as if /though +主语 +e.g. You are talking as if you had seen them. He speaks English as if he were an Englishman. She looks as if she would cry.主语+should+V.(should不能省略)主语+过去时七．用在定语从句中It is (about/high) time that e.g. It is time that you should have a class.=It is time that you had a class. 可该上课了(早该上课了，你怎么还不去?) It is time for you to have a class.该上课了.(上课的时间到了.) It is time that you should leave. =It is time you left.
英语虚拟语气
虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句，表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气，愿望以及建议，命令，要求等等的情感，往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后，有可能出现的情况。
虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块
1.虚拟条件句
第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面：基本用法，各自为政，以及含蓄之美。
下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法：
通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，这就是错综时间虚拟条件句，即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整。所谓错综时间虚拟条件句即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整。
1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)
2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)
2.should+do用法
虚拟语气的第二模块就是含有should +do的用法，这一部分主要是有关建议和命令的相关从句，包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句以及以之相关的形式主语宾语之类的从句。
这一部分的词主要有常见的动词有advise, suggest, insist, order, require, recommend, command以及相关名词等等。记忆口诀：一个坚持(insist)，两个命令(order, command)，三个建议(suggest, advise, recommend)，四个要求(ask, require, demand, request)。
1. 宾语从句的虚拟语气
He insisted that the meeting be put off.
He gives orders that the soldiers (should) leave.
2. 表语从句的虚拟语气
My suggestion is that we (should) stay here for a rest.
3. 同位语从句的虚拟语气
There is no suggestion that she (should) resign.
4. 主语从句的虚拟语气主要体现在It做形式主语的三种情况：
It’s +p.p +that ；
It’s + adj. +that；
It’s + n. +that
常用的动词:recommand, demand, desire, order, request, require, suggest,command
常用的形容词:important, necessary, right, advisable, natural, strange, surprising, regretful,urgent, vital, insistent, essential
常用的名词:duty, pity, no surpise, no wonder, shame, regret
其实这些词在句子中其实也有建议命令类似的的意思
It’s important that you should take the medicine.
It’s a pity that you should refuse the invitation.
5. It为形式宾语的情况实际上是上面形式主语的一种变形，是以it为形式宾语的复合宾语从句，it后面的宾语补足语多为形容词或名词，常见词就是上面形式主语后面的那些词。
I consider it vital that he (should) think deeply before acting.
6. 某些词语如suggest, insist 等有双重含义，所以在使用的时候要注意什么时候用虚拟语气，什么时候不用虚拟语气。
Her smile suggested that she was in favor of the plan.
We insisted that what the boy did was wrong.
3.特殊句式
虚拟语气的第三大模块指的是虚拟语气在特殊句式中的运用。句这些句式使用的虚拟语气与上面的虚拟语气会有所不同：
would rather在使用时要注意它的不同用法。因为本身would rather可以直接接动词原形，构成would rather do sth. (than do sth.else); 或者would do sth. rather than do sth.else.而虚拟语气的would rather 是这样使用的would rather sb. did(对现在或将来的假设)/ had done(对过去的假设)
I would rather he didn’t go now.
They would rather they hadn’t attended the party.
It’s (about) (high) time (that)…从句中常用过去式(有时也用should do), 含建议的意思。汉语的意思为“是该做…的时候了”，也等于It’s time for sb. to do sth.
It’s high time that we (should) go home.
for fear that 后面可以接虚拟语气should do，也可以接其他语气，但依然会有一个情态动词。
I will not make a noise for fear that I should / might disturd you.
wish+clause; as if/ though+ clause; If only这三种情况的虚拟语气有点相似。
wish后的宾语从句，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式主要有三种wish sb. did(对现在的虚拟); wish sb. had done(对过去的虚拟); wish sb. would do (对将来的虚拟).偶尔在对过去的虚拟时，也会出现wish sb. would have done的情况。
I wish I knew what was going to happen.
She wished she had stayed at home.
★此时要注意表示语气很强时用How sb. wish+ clause, 其用法同上。如果要用was依然换成were. 例如：How I wish I were a bird.
as if/ though出现的虚拟语气主要有两种情况：主句+as if/ though引导的状语从句； seem/ look/ smell +as if/ though引导的表语从句。
主句+as if/ though引导的状语从句：主句+as if/ though+主语+did/ were(对现在的假设)；主句+as if/ though+主语+could/ would do(对将来的假设)；主句+as if/ though+主语+had done(对过去的假设)
seem/ look/ smell等的从句情况基本上和上面一致。例如：
She talks as if she knew everything.
注意不需要用虚拟语气的情况
If only引起的感叹句要求用虚拟语气，表示愿望。形式为：用过去式或者would/ could do, 表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望；用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反的愿望。
If only he were here!
If only you would listen to our advise!
英语中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气是说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
中文名: 虚拟语气
外文名: Subjunctive Mood
意义: 说话人的主观愿望或非真实情况，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如：
If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air.
如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
I wish I could pass the examination.
我希望我能通过考试。
在表示假想的虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气有三种基本结构，分别是：对过去的虚拟，对现在的虚拟和对将来的虚拟
英语虚拟语气语法总结是什么？
虚拟语气是什么
在英语中，虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议或与事实不符的假设等，而不表示客观存在的事实。如：
If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air.
如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
虚拟语气英语语法
虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。
1、主语从句中的虚拟语气主要取决于某些形容词和过去分词，用来表示建议、命令、要求、惊异和失望等。其形式为：(should)+动词原形。
2、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议、命令、主张、目的和愿望等名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词要求使用虚拟语气。其形式为：(should)+动词原形。
3、宾语从句的动词后所接宾语从句中的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气，用来表示建议、命令和要求等。其形式为：(should)+动词原形。
以上就是英语虚拟语气的语法知识点。在表示假想的虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也可以用虚拟语气。
英语中虚拟语气用法总结
虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种复杂的用法，它在英文中被广泛使用，很多时候我们不经意间也在使用虚拟语气。在英语中，虚拟语气是一种情态动词，表示一种不真实或未发生的可能性。下面是虚拟语气的一些用法总结： 1. If引导的虚拟条件语句中常使用虚拟语气，表示假设的情况。例如：If I were you, I would take the job.（如果我是你，我会接受那份工作） 2. Wish引导的虚拟条件语句中也常使用虚拟语气，表示惋惜或不满意。例如：I wish I had studied harder when I was in school.（我希望我在学校时更加努力学习） 3. 表示命令、建议或者要求时，有时也需要使用虚拟语气。例如：I suggest that he attend the meeting.（我建议他参加会议） 4. 虚拟语气还可以用于表达假设的意思，例如：Suppose he were here now, what would you say to him？（假设他现在就在这里，你会对他说什么？） 5. 虚拟语气也可以用于表示推测，例如：He looks as if he were sick.（他看起来就像是生病了） 虚拟语气的运用需要根据具体的情况进行分析和使用，掌握这一用法可以让我们的英语表达更加准确和地道。因此，在学习英语的过程中，我们需要时刻关注和了解虚拟语气的相关用法，提高我们的语言运用能力。
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